Logging

Estimating Cubic Metres of Wood Needed for Pulp

Calculate the volume of wood needed in cubic metres to make pulp.

Formulas used:

Pod ÷ Y = Wod

where Pod = oven-dry weight of pulp
Y = yield factor
Wod = oven-dry weight of wood

Wod ÷ Sgd = V

Wod = oven-dry weight of wood
Sgd = species density
V = volume in cubic metres

Sample calculation

Need 1000 kg of oven-dry pulp
Species basic specific gravity, Quaking Aspen = 0.35
Yield factor = 45%

1000 ÷ 0.45 =  2,222.2 lbs of wood material needed
2,222.2 ÷ (0.35 * 1000) = 6.35 m³

It would require 6.35 cubic metres of wood to make 1000 kg of pulp

Wood Volume for Pulp in Cubic Metres

Calculation

required amount of bone dry pulp in kilograms
tree species basic specific gravity
recovery yield factor in a percentage

Results

wood material needed in kilograms
volume of wood needed in cubic metres
equivalent amount of wood needed in cords (85 ft³ solid wood cord)

Common Name	Scientific Name	Specific Gravity	Density kg/m³	Region
Ailanthus / Tree Of Heaven	Ailanthus altissima	0.460	460	North America
Alder / Grey / Mountain / Speckled	Alnus incana	0.439	439	Europe
Alder, European / Black	Alnus glutinosa	0.439	439	Europe
Alder, Red	Alnus rubra	0.370	370	North America
Alder, White / Rhombie Leaf	Alnus rhombifolia	0.370	370	North America
Alexandrian Laurel, Malayalam, Namaeruak, Sans	Calophyllum wightianum	0.570	570	India
Alpine Ash / Stringybark	Eucalyptus delegatensis	0.549	549	Australia
American Hornbeam / Musclewood	Carpinus caroliniana	0.580	580	North America
American Witch-Hazel	Hamamelis virginiana	0.560	560	North America
Andaman Bullet-Wood	Manilkara littoralis	0.900	900	India
Apple / Common / Wild	Malus sylvestris	0.610	610	North America
Apple Blossom / Pink And White Shower Tree / Javanese Cassia	Cassia javanica	0.640	640	India
Ash, Biltmore / White	Fraxinus americana	0.550	550	North America
Ash, Black	Fraxinus nigra	0.450	450	North America
Ash, Blue / Virginia	Fraxinus quadrangulata	0.530	530	North America
Ash, European / Common	Fraxinus excelsior	0.560	560	Europe
Ash, Green / Bastard	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	0.530	530	North America
Ash, Mountain / European / Quickbeam / Rowan Berry / Rowan	Sorbus aucuparia	0.629	629	Europe
Ash, Oregon / Water	Fraxinus latifolia	0.500	500	North America
Ash, Pumpkin / Red	Fraxinus profunda	0.480	480	North America
Ash, Silvertop / Black / Mountain	Eucalyptus sieberi	0.704	704	Australia
Aspen, Bigtooth / Large-tooth	Populus grandidentata	0.360	360	North America
Aspen, Quaking / Trembling / Aspen Popular	Populus tremuloides	0.350	350	North America
Australian Tallowwood	Eucalyptus microcorys	0.870	870	Australia
Bald Cypress / Swamp / Gulf / Red / Southern / White / Yellow	Taxodium distichum	0.420	420	North America
Banyan Tree / Banyan / Indian Fig Tree / Bar / Bor / Barh	Ficus benghalensis	0.590	590	India
Barberry, Common	Berberis vulgaris	0.689	689	Europe
Basswood, American / American Linden	Tilia americana	0.320	320	North America
Basswood, White	Tilia heterophylla	0.320	320	North America
Beach Mulberry / Great Morinda / Ach / Manjanatti / Nuna / Indian Mulberry	Morinda citrifolia	0.720	720	India
Bedda Nut Tree / Belleric Myrobalan / Beach Almond / Bhaira / Bahera	Terminalia belirica	0.760	760	India
Beech , Siebold's / Japanese	Fagus crenata	0.551	551	Europe
Beech / American / North American	Fagus grandifolia	0.560	560	North America
Beech / Euaropean Beech	Fagus sylvatica	0.585	585	Europe
Bengal Kino / Bastard Teak / Flame Of Forest / Palash / Dhak	Butea monosperma	0.560	560	India
Bili Nandi / Bendeku	Lagerstroemia microcarpa	0.500	500	India
Bilimbi / Chemmeenpuli / Irumbanpuli	Averrhoa bilimbi	0.560	560	India
Bilitirupa / Nirnavaal / Karinjaval / Aattunjaval	Syzygium gardneri	0.760	760	India
Bintangur	Calophyllum tomentosum	0.530	530	India
Birch, Alaska Paper	Betula neoalaskana	0.530	530	North America
Birch, Downy / Moor	Betula pubescens	0.525	525	Europe
Birch, Gray	Betula populifolia	0.450	450	North America
Birch, Paper	Betula papyrifera	0.480	480	North America
Birch, River	Betula nigra	0.490	490	North America
Birch, Silver / White / European Weeping	Betula pendula	0.525	525	Europe
Birch, Sweet	Betula lenta	0.600	600	North America
Birch, Yellow / Black	Betula alleghaniensis	0.550	550	North America
Bird Cherry / Fire Cherry / Pin Cherry	Prunus pensylvanica	0.360	360	North America
Bishopwood / Tiger Tree / Bishopweed / Kein / Toog /Javawood	Bischofia javanica	0.720	720	India
Black Dammar	Canarium strictum	0.530	530	India
Black Kongu / Karakongu	Hopea utilis	0.840	840	India
Black Poplar / Lombardy	Populus nigra	0.353	353	Europe
Black Varnish Tree	Holigarna arnottiana	0.327	327	India
Blackbutt / Pink Blackbutt	Eucalyptus pilularis	0.733	733	Australia
Blinding Tree	Excoecaria agallocha	0.380	380	India
Blue Elderberry / Blue Elder	Sambucus caerulea	0.460	460	North America
Blue Pine / Himalayan White Pine / Bhutan Pine	Pinus wallichiana	0.430	430	India
Box, Coast Grey / Bosisto's-Box / Gippsland Grey-Box	Eucalyptus bosistoana	0.921	921	Australia
Box, Grey / Brown / Gum-Topped Box	Eucalyptus moluccana	0.937	937	Australia
Box, Red / Red Box Eucalyptus	Eucalyptus polyanthemos	0.884	884	Australia
Box, White / Whitebox	Eucalyptus albens	0.932	932	Australia
Box, Yellow / Honey / Yellow Iron	Eucalyptus melliodora	0.910	910	Australia
Brigalow / Spearwood	Acacia harpophylla	0.884	884	Australia
Buckeye, Yellow / Sweet	Aesculus octandra	0.330	330	North America
Buckthorn / Common / European / Hart's Thorn	Rhamnus cathartica	0.611	611	Europe
Buckthorn, Alder / Columnar / Fen / Tall Hedge /European Alder	Rhamnus frangula	0.499	499	Europe
Buckthorn, California Coffeeberry	Rhamnus californica	0.500	500	North America
Buckthorn, Cascara	Rhamnus purshiana	0.500	500	North America
Buckthorn, Spiny Redberry	Rhamnus crocea	0.750	750	North America
Buddha's Coconut Tree / Anathondi	Pterygota alata	0.480	480	India
Bully Trees	Sideroxylon indet	1.234	1234	North America
Bunya pine	Araucaria bidwillii	0.393	393	Australia
Burma Blackwood	Dalbergia cultrata	0.770	770	India
Burmese Lacquer	Gluta usitata	0.740	740	India
Butterfly Tree / Purple Orchid Tree / Camel Hoof Tree	Bauhinia purpurea	0.720	720	India
Butternut / White Walnut	Juglans cinerea	0.360	360	North America
Buttontree / Dhau / Dhoy / Dhaura	Anogeissus acuminata	0.880	880	India
Buttonwood / Button Mangrove	Conocarpus erectus	0.690	690	North America
Caloon	Elaeocarpus ruminatus	0.480	480	Australia
Camphor / Camphor Laurel / Karpur	Cinnamomum camphora	0.620	620	India
Canadian Serviceberry	Amelanchier canadensis	0.660	660	North America
Canary Ash / Yellow Nut	Beilschmiedia bancroftii	0.551	551	Australia
Candle Nut Tree / Kukui	Aleurites moluccana	0.600	600	India
Cannon Ball Tree	Xylocarpus granatum	0.663	663	India
Carattannili	Dipterocarpus bourdilloni	0.580	580	India
Carolina Silverbell / Little Silverbell	Halesia carolina	0.420	420	North America
Catalpa, Northern / Hardy / Western / Cigar Tree / Catawba Tree	Catalpa speciosa	0.380	380	North America
Cedar, Atlantic White	Chamaecyparis thyoides	0.310	310	North America
Cedar, Atlas / Atlantic	Cedrus atlantica	0.440	440	Europe
Cedar, Eastern Redcedar	Juniperus virginiana	0.440	440	North America
Cedar, Incense	Calocedrus decurrens	0.350	350	North America
Cedar, Lebanon	Cedrus libani	0.410	410	Europe
Cedar, Northern White / Arborvitae / Eastern Arborvitae / Swamp	Thuja occidentalis	0.290	290	North America
Cedar, Pink / Korangatti	Acrocarpus fraxinifolius	0.680	680	India
Cedar, Port-Orford	Chamaecyparis lawsoniana	0.390	390	North America
Cedar, Westernred / Pacific Red / Giant Arborvitae / Canoe / Giant/ Shinglewood	Thuja plicata	0.310	310	North America
Cedar, Yellow / Alaska	Chamaecyparis nootkatensis	0.420	420	North America
Ceylon Oak / Lac Tree / Ma / Macassar Oil Tree / Kusam	Schleichera oleosa	1.080	1080	India
Chaplash	Artocarpus chaplasha	0.450	450	India
Chaulmoogra	Gynocardia odorata	0.396	396	India
Chebulic Myrombalam / Black Myrobalan / Harra / Harara	Terminalia chebula	0.880	880	India
Cherry, Black	Prunus serotina	0.470	470	North America
Cherry, Wild / Sweet / Gean / Mazzard	Prunus avium	0.474	474	Europe
Chestnut, American	Castanea dentata	0.400	400	North America
Chestnut, Sweet	Castana sativa	0.500	500	Europe
China-Shrub / Bisi	Ardisia solanacea	0.620	620	India
Chinese Elm	Ulmus lanceaefolia	0.706	706	India
Chinese Soapberry / Soapnut / Ritha	Sapindus mukorossi	0.700	700	India
Chinese Tallow / Candleberry-Tree / Pippalyang	Sapium sebiferum	0.510	510	India
Chinkapin, Giant / Golden	Chrysolepis chrysophylla	0.420	420	North America
Chinquapin / Golden / Giant / Western	Castanopsis chrysophylla	0.420	420	North America
Chirauli Nut	Buchanania latifolia	0.460	460	India
Common Sausage Tree / Jhar Fanoos / Balam Khira	Kigelia africana	0.700	700	India
Common Whitebeam / Chess-Apple	Sorbus aria	0.611	611	Europe
Common Whitebeam / Chess-Apple	Sorbus aria	0.672	672	Europe
cork oak	Quercus suber	0.770	770	Europe
Cottonwood, Black	Populus trichocarpa	0.310	310	North America
Cottonwood, Eastern / Eastern / Plains / MatchPoplar	Populus deltoides	0.370	370	North America
Cottonwood, Fremont / Alamo	Populus fremontii	0.410	410	North America
Crab Apple / European Crab Apple / Common	Malus sylvestris	0.577	577	Europe
Crack Willow	Salix fragilis	0.340	340	Europe
Crepe Myrtle / Crepe Flower / Sida / Bakli	Lagerstroemia parviflora	0.620	620	India
Crepe Myrtle Tree / Pride-Of-India / Jarul	Lagerstroemia speciosa	0.640	640	India
Curry Leaf / Bursunga / Meetha Neem / Katneem	Murraya koenigii	0.680	680	India
Custard Apple, Sugar Apple / Sharifa / Sitaphal	Annona squamosa	0.730	730	India
Dhaman	Grewia tiliaefolia	0.650	650	India
Dhao, Dhankra, Ghavad	Anogeissus sericea	0.740	740	India
Dhok / Dhonk / Dhonkda	Anogeissus pendula	0.940	940	India
Dinnerplate Tree / Kanak Champa / Padma Pushp / Parivyadh	Pterospermum acerifolium	0.720	720	India
Dita Bark Tree / Devil Tree / Saptaparni / Scholar	Alstonia scholaris	0.440	440	India
Divi Divi	Caesalpinia coriaria	1.180	1180	India
Dogwood, Common / Bloodtwig / Pegwood / Dogberry	Cornus sanguinea	0.680	680	Europe
Dogwood, Flowering	Cornus florida	0.640	640	North America
Dogwood, Pacific / Mountain Dogwood	Cornus nuttallii	0.580	580	North America
Douglas Fir	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.453	453	Europe
Douglas-Fir, Coast	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.453	453	North America
Douglas-Fir, Interior North	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.450	450	North America
Douglas-Fir, Interior West	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.460	460	North America
East Indian Copal	Canarium bengalense	0.560	560	India
Ebony Tree / Kachnar	Bauhinia variegata	0.700	700	India
Egyptian Riverhemp / Common Sesban / Egyptian Rattlepod / Shevari / Jayanti / Raysinghani	Sesbania sesban	0.430	430	India
Ekdania / Katti-Daman / Kasai / Kattian	Bridelia retusa	0.500	500	India
Elder	Sambucus nigra	0.570	570	Europe
Elm, American / White / Water / Florida	Ulmus americana	0.460	460	North America
Elm, Dutch / Holland	Ulmus hollandica	0.442	442	Europe
Elm, English	Ulmus procera	0.442	442	Europe
Elm, European White	Ulmus laevis	0.551	551	Europe
Elm, Field / Smoothleaf	Ulmus minor	0.551	551	Europe
Elm, Rock, Elm Cork	Ulmus thomasii	0.570	570	North America
Elm, Slippery / Red / Gray / Soft	Ulmus rubra	0.480	480	North America
Elm, Texas Cedar / Cedar Elm	Ulmus crassifolia	0.590	590	North America
Elm, Winged / Wahoo	Ulmus alata	0.600	600	North America
Elm. Wych / Scotch / Scots	Ulmus glabra	0.551	551	Europe
European Aspen / Quaking / Eurasian /Common	Populus tremula	0.387	387	Europe
False Ashok / Mast Tree / Dedbari / Ashok / Aranamaram / Cherunna	Polyalthia longifolia	0.590	590	India
False Mastic / Yellow Mastic	Sideroxylon foetidissimum	0.520	520	North America
Fern Tree	Filicium decipiens	0.960	960	India
Fir, Balsam / Canadian / Canada / Balm of Gilead / Eastern	Abies balsamea	0.330	330	North America
Fir, Corkbark	Abies arizonica	0.290	290	North America
Fir, European Silver / Silver	Abies alba	0.353	353	Europe
Fir, Grand / Lowland / Lowland White / White / Silver	Abies grandis	0.350	350	North America
Fir, Noble	Abies procera	0.370	370	North America
Fir, Pacific Silver / White / Red/ Lovely / Amabilis / Cascades	Abies amabilis	0.400	400	North America
Fir, Red / Golden / California Red / Shasta / Silvertip	Abies magnifica	0.360	360	North America
Fir, Spanish / Hedgehog / Spanish Silver Spruce	Abies pinsapo	0.410	410	Europe
Fir, Subalpine / Alpine / Mountain Balsam / Rocky Mountain / White Balsam	Abies lasiocarpa	0.310	310	North America
Fir, West Himalayan / Pindrow / Ragha	Abies pindrow	0.380	380	India
Fir, White / Colorado / California White / Low's	Abies concolor	0.370	370	North America
Five Finger / Aanappulinchakka / Thamaratha / Kamranga Tree	Averrhoa carambola	0.600	600	India
Five Leaved Chaste Tree / Nirgundi	Vitex negundo	0.670	670	India
Florida Strangler Fig / Golden Fig/ Higuerón	Ficus aurea	0.440	440	North America
Fragrant Bay Tree	Persea odoratissima	0.570	570	India
Garuga / Kharpat	Garuga pinnata	0.640	640	India
Great Laurel / Rosebay Rhododendron	Rhododendron maximum	0.500	500	North America
Guava / Guajava / Common Guava / Amrood	Psidium pomiferum	0.670	670	India
Guest Tree / Bhola	Kleinhovia hospita	0.440	440	India
Gum Arabic Tree / Babul / Thorn Mimosa / Egyptian Acacia	Acacia arabica	0.860	860	India
Gum, Forest Red / Queensland Blue / Mountain / Bastard-Box	Eucalyptus tereticornis	0.827	827	Australia
Gum, Grey / Grey Irongum	Eucalyptus punctata	0.908	908	Australia
Gum, Manna / Ribbon / Rough-Bark Manna / White	Eucalyptus viminalis	0.613	613	Australia
Gum, River Red / Murray Red / Long-Beak Eucalyptus	Eucalyptus camaldulensis	0.786	786	Australia
Gum, Spotted	Eucalyptus maculata	0.840	840	Australia
Gum, Sydney Blue / Saligna Eucalyptus	Eucalyptus saligna	0.679	679	Australia
Gumbo-Limbo / Copperwood / Chaca	Bursera simaruba	0.320	320	North America
Gummy Cape Jasmine / Dekamella-Gum Gardenia / Cumbi-Gum Tree / Kikemal	Gardenia gummifera	0.610	610	India
Hackberry	Celtis occidentalis	0.490	490	North America
Haldu / Kadami / Kadamba	Adina cordifolia	0.590	590	India
Hattipaila	Pterocarpus acerifolius	0.510	510	India
Hawthorn, Late / Pear	Crataegus calpodendron	0.620	620	North America
Hazel / Common Hazel / European / Common Filbert	Corylus avellana	0.517	517	Europe
Hemlock, Eastern / Canada / Hemlock Spruce	Tsuga canadensis	0.380	380	North America
Hemlock, Mountain	Tsuga mertensiana	0.420	420	North America
Hemlock, Western / Pacific / West Coast	Tsuga heterophylla	0.420	420	North America
Hickory, Bitternut / Swamp	Carya cordiformis	0.600	600	North America
Hickory, Mockernut / White / White-Heart	Carya tomentosa	0.640	640	North America
Hickory, Nutmeg	Carya myristiciformis	0.560	560	North America
Hickory, Pecan	Carya illinoensis	0.600	600	North America
Hickory, Pignut	Carya glabra	0.660	660	North America
Hickory, True, Shagbark	Carya ovata	0.640	640	North America
Hickory, True, Shellbark	Carya laciniosa	0.620	620	North America
Hickory, Water / Bitter Pecan	Carya aquatica	0.610	610	North America
Himalayan Cedar / Deodar Cedar / Devdar	Cedrus deodara	0.470	470	India
Himalayan Cypress / Bhutan Cypress	Cupressus torulosa	0.440	440	India
Himalayan Elm / Kashmir Elm / Bhutan Elm	Ulmus wallichiana	0.440	440	India
Himalayan Hemlock	Tsuga brunoniana	0.380	380	India
Himalayan Mulberry	Morus serrata	0.580	580	India
Hirsute Artocarpus / Wild Jack / Aini	Artocarpus hirsutus	0.520	520	India
Hollong Tree	Dipterocarpus macrocarpus	0.600	600	India
Holly	Ilex aquifolium	0.500	500	Europe
Holly, American / White Holly	Ilex opaca	0.500	500	North America
Hollyleaf Cherry / Evergreen Cherry	Prunus ilicifolia	0.730	730	North America
Honey Locust / Honey Shucks / Sweet Bean	Gleditsia triacanthos	0.600	600	North America
Hopea / Karimpongu / Kongu / Irumbakam / Naithambaga	Hopea glabra	0.870	870	India
Hopea / White Kongu / Iron Wood Of Malabar	Hopea parviflora	0.790	790	India
Hophornbeam, American / Eastern	Ostrya virginiana	0.630	630	North America
Hora / Kiripalu	Dipterocarpus zeylanicus	0.690	690	India
Hornbeam, European	Carpinus betulus	0.690	690	Europe
Horse-Chestnut, European / Common / White	Aesculus hippocastanum	0.500	500	Europe
Incense Cedar / California Incense-Cedar	Libocedrus decurrens	0.350	350	North America
Indian Bael / Stone Apple / Holy Fruit Tree	Aegle marmelos	0.880	880	India
Indian Black Wood / Anjan	Hardwickia binata	0.730	730	India
Indian Cassia / Indian Bay Leaf / Indian Cassia Bark / Tamala Cassia	Cinnamomum tamala	0.640	640	India
Indian Catmon / Elephant Apple / Girnar / Chalta / Karmabel	Dillenia indica	0.700	700	India
Indian Cheryy / Fragrant Manjack	Cordia dichotoma	0.360	360	India
Indian Cork Tree / Corckumaram / Kattumalli / Tree Jasmine / Maramalli	Millingtonia hortensis	0.640	640	India
Indian Frankincense / Incense Tree / Indian Olibanum / Salai	Boswellia serrata	0.500	500	India
Indian Horse Chestnut / Himalayan Horse Chestnut	Aesculus indica	0.465	465	India
Indian Laburnum / Purging Cassia	Cassia fistula	0.960	960	India
Indian Laurel Fig / Thapsi / Phrapsi	Ficus retusa	0.640	640	India
Indian Mahogany / Red Cedar /Sandal Neem / Toon Tree	Cedrela toona	0.560	560	India
Indian Mango / Cuckoo's Joy, Mango, Mango Tree	Mangifera indica	0.680	680	India
Indian Maple	Acer caesium	0.499	499	India
Indian Oak / Small Indian Oak / Attupezhu	Barringtonia acutangula	0.620	620	India
Indian Red Wood / Rohan	Soymida febrifuga	0.960	960	India
Indian Rubber Fig	Ficus elastica	0.680	680	India
Indian Tree Spurge / Milk Bush / Pencil Bush	Euphorbia tirucalli	0.540	540	India
Indian-Buttertree	Diploknema butyracea	0.630	630	India
Indonesia Rosewood / Bombay Blackwood / Malabar Rosewood / Sitsal	Dalbergia latifolia	0.800	800	India
Inkwood / Butterbough	Exothea paniculata	0.730	730	North America
Ironbark, Narrowleaf Red / Grey / White	Eucalyptus crebra	0.940	940	Australia
Ironbark, Broadleaved Red	Eucalyptus fibrosa	0.964	964	Australia
Ironbark, Grey	Eucalyptus paniculata	0.921	921	Australia
Ironbark, Red / Black / Mugga / Three-Fruit Red	Eucalyptus sideroxylon	0.911	911	Australia
Ironwood / Kassod	Cassia siamea	0.860	860	India
Jambu	Xylia xylocarpa	0.680	680	India
Japanese Medlar / Loquat / Japanese Plum / Lokat	Eriobotrya japonica	0.880	880	India
Jarrah	Eucalyptus marginata	0.706	706	Australia
Java Plum / Neredu / Naval / Jambol / Jaman / Jambu / Black Plum	Syzygium cumini	0.760	760	India
Jonesia Asoka	Saraca indica	0.800	800	India
Jujube Tree / Indian Jujube / Chinese Date / Common Jujub / Ber	Ziziphus jujuba	0.920	920	India
Jungle Cork Tree / Indian Elm / Kanju / Papri / Papdi	Holoptelea integrifolia	0.500	500	India
Juniper, Alligator / Checkerbark	Juniperus deppeana	0.480	480	North America
Juniper, Ground / Dwarf / Mountain / Fairy Circle / Hackmatack	Juniperus communis	0.517	517	Europe
Juniper, Western	Juniperus occidentalis	0.450	450	North America
Kandi / Jat / Jhand	Prosopis spicigera	0.630	630	India
Kaori	Grewia multiflora	0.570	570	India
Karri / Karri Gum	Eucalyptus diversicolor	0.774	774	Australia
Katber	Ziziphus xylopyrus	0.663	663	India
Katu Yette	Lepisanthes tetraphylla	0.960	960	India
Kentucky Coffeetree	Gymnocladus dioicus	0.530	530	North America
Khaiger /kanta / Chira / Kaigu / Banni / Ansandra	Acacia ferruginea	0.880	880	India
Kiinankadami	Breonia chinensis	0.420	420	India
Kirballi / Vayanavu / Pudangalli	Poeciloneuron indicum	0.900	900	India
Kulamavu / Uravu / Kulirmavu,	Persea macrantha	0.440	440	India
Laburnum	Laburnum anagroides	0.690	690	Europe
Larch, European / Common / Creosote Bush	Larix decidua	0.474	474	Europe
Larch, Hybrid	Larix eurolepis	0.400	400	Europe
Larch, Japanese	Larix kaempferi	0.414	414	Europe
Larch, Western / Montana / Mountain	Larix occidentalis	0.480	480	North America
Laurel, California / Oregon Myrtle	Umbellularia californica	0.510	510	North America
Lilac Tree / Persian Lilac / Chinaberry / Bead Tree / Umbrella Tree / Pride Of India / White Cedar	Melia azedarach	0.560	560	India
Lime, Common	Tilia vulgaris	0.420	420	Europe
Lime, European / Common Linden	Tilia europaea	0.483	483	Europe
Lime, Large-Leaved / Largeleaf Linden / Bigleaf Linden	Tilia platyphyllos	0.422	422	Europe
Linden / Littleleaf / Small Leaved Lime	Tilia cordata	0.422	422	Europe
Litchi / Litchi Nut	Litchi chinensis	0.960	960	India
Locust, Black / False Acacia / Green / Locust / Shipmast / White / Yellow	Robinia pseudoacacia	0.660	660	North America
Longleaf Pine / Chir	Pinus longifolia	0.480	480	India
Longwood	Haematoxylum campechianum	1.040	1040	India
Looking Glass Tree / Sundari	Heritiera littoralis	1.040	1040	India
Madras Thorn / Jangal Jalebi	Pithecellobium dulce	0.640	640	India
Madrone, Pacific	Arbutus menziesii	0.570	570	North America
Magizham / Bakula / Pagade Tree's / Maulsari / Bulletwood / Indian Medlar	Mimusops elengi	0.800	800	India
Magnolia, Cucumbertree / Blue Magnolia,	Magnolia acuminata	0.440	440	North America
Magnolia, Fraser / Mountain Magnolia	Magnolia fraseri	0.400	400	North America
Magnolia, Southern	Magnolia grandiflora	0.460	460	North America
Magnolia, Sweetbay	Magnolia virginiana	0.420	420	North America
Mahogany, Red / Red Stringybark	Eucalyptus resinifera	0.803	803	Australia
Mahogany, White	Eucalyptus acmenioides	0.870	870	Australia
Maiden's Blush	Sloanea australis	0.473	473	Australia
Malay Apple / Malaysian Apple / Pomerac	Syzygium malaccense	0.600	600	India
Malkakni / Dhebri / Jamrasi / Kondagaid	Elaeodendron glaucum	0.720	720	India
Mangrove Apple / Sonneratia Mangrove / Marai Maa	Sonneratia apetala	0.520	520	India
Mangrove Trumpet-Tree	Dolichandrone spathacea	0.560	560	India
Maple , Norway	Acer platanoides	0.525	525	Europe
Maple, Bigleaf / British Columbia / Broadleaf / Oregon	Acer macrophyllum	0.440	440	North America
Maple, Black / Black Sugar / Hard / Rock	Acer nigrum	0.520	520	North America
Maple, Boxelder / Ash-Leaf / Manitoba / Three-Leave	Acer negundo	0.416	416	North America
Maple, Campbell's	Acer campbellii	0.499	499	India
Maple, Field / Hedge	Acer campestre	0.525	525	Europe
Maple, Franchet's	Acer sterculiaceum	0.353	353	India
Maple, Himalayan / Evergreen Maple / Kashmir	Acer oblongum	0.603	603	India
Maple, Painted	Acer pictum	0.629	629	India
Maple, Red / Scarlet / Soft / Water	Acer rubrum	0.490	490	North America
Maple, Silver	Acer saccharinum	0.440	440	North America
Maple, Striped / Goosefoot / Moosewood / Snake Bark	Acer pensylvanicum	0.440	440	North America
Maple, Sugar	Acer saccharum	0.560	560	North America
Maple, Sycamore / Great	Acer pseudoplatanus	0.510	510	Europe
Marodphali	Heterophragma adenophyllum	0.760	760	India
Mesquite Spp.	Prosopis spp.	0.780	780	North America
Moa Tree / Gilaunda / Mahua / Vanprasth	Madhuca latifolia	0.990	990	India
Monkeyfruit / Lakoocha / Badahara,	Artocarpus lakoocha	0.640	640	India
Moreton Bay Bean / Moreton Bay Chestnut / Beantree	Castanospermum australe	0.630	630	Australia
Mountain Laurel / Calico-Bush / Spoonwood	Kalmia latifolia	0.620	620	North America
Mountain Mahogany / Birch Leaf Mountain Mahogany	Cercocarpus betuloides	0.800	800	North America
Mountain Pine	Pinus uncinata	0.410	410	Europe
Narela	Polyalthia cerasoides	0.830	830	India
New Guinea Rosewood	Dipterocarpus indicus	0.620	620	India
Oak, Sessile / Durmast	Quercus petraea	0.560	560	Europe
Oak, Arizona White / Arizona	Quercus Arizonica	0.590	590	North America
Oak, Bastard White	Quercus austrina	0.750	750	North America
Oak, Black / Eastern Black	Quercus velutina	0.560	560	North America
Oak, Bluejack / Upland Willow Oak / Sandjack Oak / Cinnamon Oak	Quercus incana	0.710	710	North America
Oak, Bur / Mossy-Cup	Quercus macrocarpa	0.580	580	North America
Oak, California Black / Kellogg Oak	Quercus kelloggii	0.510	510	North America
Oak, Canyon Live / Canyon Oak / Maul Oak	Quercus chrysolepis	0.700	700	North America
Oak, Chapman	Quercus chapmanii	0.780	780	North America
Oak, Cherrybark	Quercus pagoda	0.610	610	North America
Oak, Chestnut / Rock / Rock Chestnut / Mountain	Quercus prinus	0.570	570	North America
Oak, Darlington / Laurel-Leaf Oak	Quercus hemisphaerica	0.690	690	North America
Oak, Dwarf Live / Minimal	Quercus minima	0.890	890	North America
Oak, English / Pedunculate / European	Quercus robur	0.560	560	Europe
Oak, Gall / Lusitanian / Dyer's	Quercus lusitanica	0.700	700	Europe
Oak, Gambel / Rocky Mountain White / Colorado Scrub	Quercus gambelii	0.620	620	North America
Oak, Garry / Oregon White Oak / Oregon Oak	Quercus garryana	0.640	640	North America
Oak, Holm / Evergreen / Holly	Quercus ilex	0.820	820	Europe
Oak, Laurel / Diamond-Leaf Oak / Water Oak	Quercus laurifolia	0.560	560	North America
Oak, Live / Southern Live	Quercus virginiana	0.800	800	North America
Oak, Myrtle / Shrubby	Quercus myrtifolia	0.807	807	North America
Oak, Northern Red	Quercus rubra	0.560	560	North America
Oak, Overcup	Quercus lyrata	0.570	570	North America
Oak, Pin / Swamp Spanish	Quercus palustris	0.580	580	North America
Oak, Post / Iron	Quercus stellata	0.600	600	North America
Oak, Running / Runner	Quercus pumila	0.710	710	North America
Oak, Sand Live	Quercus geminata	0.872	872	North America
Oak, Sand Post	Quercus margaretta	0.760	760	North America
Oak, Scarlet	Quercus coccinea	0.600	600	North America
Oak, Shumard / Swamp Red / Shumard Red	Quercus shumardii	0.640	640	North America
Oak, Southern Red	Quercus falcata	0.520	520	North America
Oak, Swamp Chestnut / Basket	Quercus michauxii	0.600	600	North America
Oak, Swamp White	Quercus bicolor	0.640	640	North America
Oak, Turkey / Catesby / American Turkey	Quercus laevis	0.639	639	North America
Oak, Water	Quercus nigra	0.560	560	North America
Oak, White	Quercus alba	0.600	600	North America
Oak, Willow	Quercus phellos	0.560	560	North America
Ocean Spray / Creambush / Ironwood	Holodiscus discolor	0.710	710	North America
Officinal Drypetes / Jivapota	Putranjiva roxburghii	0.570	570	India
Oil Cake Tree / Bitter Albizia Wheel Tree / Lallei / Krishna Siris	Albizia amara	0.723	723	India
Osage Orange / Horse Apple / Hedge Apple	Maclura pomifera	0.760	760	North America
Pala Indigo / Dyers's Oleander / Dudhi	Wrightia tinctoria	0.800	800	India
Palai	Palaquium ellipticum	0.530	530	India
Paradise Apple / Common Apple	Malus pumila	0.646	646	North America
Pear / Common / Garden / Cultivated	Pyrus communis	0.603	603	Europe
Peppermint, Black	Eucalyptus amygdalina	0.612	612	Australia
Persian Walnut / English Walnut / Common Walnut	Juglans regia	0.470	470	India
Persimmon Ebony / Coromandel Ebony / Malabar Ebony	Diospyros melanoxylon	0.680	680	India
Persimmon, Common	Diospyros virginiana	0.640	640	North America
Phalsa / Dhamin	Grewia asiatica	0.585	585	India
Pindar/ Pindalu	Trewia nudiflora	0.440	440	India
Pine / Gray / California Foothill Bull / Grey-leaf / Digger	Pinus sabiniana	0.400	400	North America
Pine radiata / Guadalupe Island	Pinus radiata	0.390	390	Australia
Pine, Aleppo	Pinus halepensis	0.460	460	Europe
Pine, Bishop / Obispo / Swamp / Prickle-Cone	Pinus muricata	0.450	450	North America
Pine, Canary Island	Pinus canariensis	0.610	610	Europe
Pine, Common / Two Needle Pinyon	Pinus edulis	0.500	500	North America
Pine, Coulter / Big-Cone Pine	Pinus coulteri	0.400	400	North America
Pine, Eastern White / Northern White / Weymouth / White	Pinus strobus	0.340	340	North America
Pine, European Black / Corsican / Austrian / Black	Pinus nigra	0.420	420	Europe
Pine, Gray / California Foothill	Pinus, sabiniana	0.400	400	North America
Pine, Jack / Banksian / Black / Scrub	Pinus banksiana	0.400	400	North America
Pine, Jeffrey / Black	Pinus jeffreyi	0.370	370	North America
Pine, Knobcone / Narrowcone	Pinus attenuata	0.390	390	North America
Pine, Limber / Rocky Mountain White	Pinus flexilis	0.370	370	North America
Pine, Loblolly / Frankincense / Oldfield / Southern	Pinus taeda	0.470	470	North America
Pine, Lodgepole / Bolander Beach / Shore / Tamarack Pine	Pinus contorta	0.380	380	North America
Pine, Longleaf / Florida / Georgia	Pinus palustris	0.540	540	North America
Pine, Maritime / Cluster	Pinus pinaster	0.414	414	Europe
Pine, Monterey / Cedros Island / Guadalupe Island / Radiata / Insignis	Pinus radiata	0.400	400	North America
Pine, Pitch / Hard	Pinus rigida	0.470	470	North America
Pine, Pond / Bay / Marsh / Pocosin	Pinus serotina	0.510	510	North America
Pine, Ponderosa / Western Yellow / Blackjack / Bull / Pacific Ponderosa / Rock	Pinus ponderosa	0.380	380	North America
Pine, Red / American Red / Canadian Red / Norway	Pinus resinosa	0.410	410	North America
Pine, Sand	Pinus clausa	0.460	460	North America
Pine, Scots / Scotch	Pinus sylvestris	0.422	422	Europe
Pine, Shortleaf / Arkansas / Shortstraw / Southern / Yellow	Pinus echinata	0.470	470	North America
Pine, Slash / American Pitch / Caribbean / Salish / Longleaf Pitch / Swamp	Pinus elliottii	0.540	540	North America
Pine, Spruce / Bottom White / Cedar/ Poor / Walter	Pinus glabra	0.410	410	North America
Pine, Stone / Italian Stone / Parasol / Umbrella	Pinus pinea	0.500	500	Europe
Pine, Sugar / California Sugar	Pinus lambertiana	0.340	340	North America
Pine, Table Mountain / Hickory / Prickley	Pinus pungens	0.490	490	North America
Pine, Virginia / Jersey / Poverty / Scrub	Pinus virginiana	0.450	450	North America
Pine, Western White / Idaho White / Mountain White / Silver	Pinus monticola	0.350	350	North America
Pinervetty / Kattumarotti / Attuchangilai / Kastel	Hydnocarpus alpina	0.689	689	India
Pinwheelflower / Crepe Jasmine	Tabernaemontana divaricata	0.750	750	India
Pipli Tree	Exbucklandia populnea	0.550	550	India
Plachh / Yuan Mao Yang / Hindi Ban Pipal / Chalaun / Safeda	Populus ciliata	0.370	370	India
Plane, Oriental / Plane Tree	Platanus orientalis	0.480	480	Europe
Plum / Garden / Bullace / Damson / European	Prunus domestica	0.610	610	Europe
Poison Nut / Snake Wood/ Nux-Vomica / Strychnine Tree / Nux-Vomica Tree / Kuchila	Strychnos nux-vomica	0.860	860	India
Polavu	Stereospermum xylocarpum	0.590	590	India
Pond Apple, Alligator Apple	Annona glabra	0.500	500	North America
Poplar, Abele / Silver Poplar / Silverleaf Poplar	Populus alba	0.360	360	North America
Poplar, Balsam / Black / Hackmatack	Populus balsamifera	0.310	310	North America
Poplar, White / Silver / Silverleaf	Populus alba	0.353	353	Europe
Poplar-Yellow / American Tulip / Canary Whitewood	Liriodendron tulipifera	0.400	400	North America
Portugal Laurel / Portuguese	Prunus lusitanica	0.610	610	Europe
Potka Siris	Albizia lucida	0.880	880	India
Powder-Puff Tree / Fish-Poison Wood / Fish-Killer Tree	Barringtonia racemosa	0.430	430	India
Pride Of Burma	Amherstia nobilis	0.800	800	India
Privet , Wild / Common / European	Ligustrum vulgare	0.805	805	Europe
Puna / Kodo Tree	Ehretia serrata	0.640	640	India
Pyrenean Oak	Quercus pyrenaica	0.840	840	Europe
Quarrelsome Tree	Diospyros cordifolia	0.730	730	India
Queensland Maple	Flindersia brayleyana	0.470	470	Australia
Red Beadtree / Red Lucky Seed / Red Sandelwood /Condori Wood	Adenanthera pavonina	0.880	880	India
Red Bloodwood	Corymbia gummifera>	0.870	870	Australia
Red Cassia / Ceylon Senna / Roxburgh's Cassia	Cassia marginata	1.280	1280	India
Red Cutch Red Ebony	Acacia chundra	0.980	980	India
Red Sandalwood / Ruby Wood / Red Sanders	Pterocarpus santalinus	0.970	970	India
Redberry Stopper	Eugenia confusa	0.810	810	North America
Redwood / California / Coast	Sequoia sempervirens	0.380	380	North America
Redwood, Coast	Sequoia sempervirens	0.380	380	Europe
Redwood, Giant / California Big-Tree / Giant Sequoia / Sequoia / Sierra	Sequoiadendron giganteum	0.340	340	North America
Redwood, Giant / Wellingtonia	Sequoiadendron giganteum	0.340	340	Europe
Reetha	Sapindus laurifolius	1.020	1020	India
Rohituka Tree / Harinkhana	Aphanamixis polystachya	0.640	640	India
Rose Mallow	Hibiscus populneus	0.800	800	India
Roxburgh's Kydia / Pula	Kydia calycina	0.258	258	India
Sage-Leaved Alangium / Akola / Ankol	Alangium salviifolium	0.800	800	India
Sal Tree / Salwa / Sakher / Salwa / Sakh	Shorea robusta	0.730	730	India
Sang Drago / Amboyna Wood / Narra / Sena	Pterocarpus indicus	0.960	960	India
Sassafras	Sassafras albidum	0.420	420	North America
Satinay	Syncarpia hillii	0.680	680	Australia
Senegal Gum	Acacia modesta	0.835	835	India
Serviceberry	Amelanchier spp.	0.660	660	North America
Shitanshu / Vishaha	Melaleuca leucadendron	0.780	780	India
Silk Oak / Silver Oak / Khajur	Grevillea robusta	0.640	640	India
Siris Tree / Lebbeck / East India Walnut / Womans Tongue	Albizia lebbeck	0.800	800	India
Sirpoon Tree / Poonspar Tree	Calophyllum polyanthum	0.439	439	India
Sisso / Indian Rosewood	Dalbergia sissoo	0.760	760	India
Small-Fruited Grey Gum / Gum, Grey	Eucalyptus propinqua	0.876	876	Australia
Sour Gum / Tupelo, Black	Nyssa sylvatica	0.460	460	North America
Sourwood / Sorrel Tree	Oxydendrum arboreum	0.500	500	North America
South Indian Mahua	Madhuca longifolia	0.740	740	India
Southern Redcedar	Juniperus silicicola	0.420	420	North America
Spindle, European / European Spindletree	Euonymus europaeus	0.603	603	Europe
Spruce, Black / Bog / shortleaf black / Swamp	Picea mariana	0.380	380	North America
Spruce, Engelmann / White Spruce / Mountain Spruce / Silver Spruce	Picea engelmannii	0.330	330	North America
Spruce, Norway / Common / European	Picea abies	0.370	370	Europe
Spruce, Red / Eastern / West Virginia	Picea rubens	0.370	370	North America
Spruce, Sitka	Picea sitchensis	0.362	362	Europe
Spruce, Sitka / Coast / Menzies / Western	Picea sitchensis	0.370	370	North America
Spruce, White / Alberta / Black Hills / Canada / Western White	Picea glauca	0.330	330	North America
Spurge / Indian Spurge Tree / Oleander Spurge / Patton Ki Send	Euphorbia neriifolia	0.410	410	India
Stringybark, Small-Leaved / Thin-Leaved / Wilkinson'S	Eucalyptus eugenioides	0.719	719	Australia
Sugandhakokila	Cinnamomum cecidodaphne	0.448	448	India
Sugarberry / Southern Hackberry	Celtis laevigata	0.470	470	North America
Sweet Orange	Citrus sinensis	0.780	780	India
Sweetgum, American / American Storax / Hazel Pine / Satin-Walnut / Alligatorwood	Liquidambar styraciflua	0.460	460	North America
Sycamore, American / American Planetree	Platanus occidentalis	0.460	460	North America
Syringe Tree / African Tulip Tree / Rugtoora	Spathodea campanulata	0.640	640	India
Tall Albizia / White Siris / Safed Siris	Albizia procera	0.640	640	India
Tamarack / Hackmatack / American Larch Alaskan / Eastern	Larix laricina	0.490	490	North America
Tamarind / Sampalok / Indian Date / Imli	Tamarindus indica	1.280	1280	India
Tanoak / Tanbark-Oak	Lithocarpus densiflorus	0.580	580	North America
Teak / Saag / Sagwan / Indian-Oak	Tectona grandis	0.720	720	India
Tellicherry Bark / Ivory Tree / Bitter Oleander / Ester Tree / Conessi Bark / Indrajao / Kutaja / Karva Indrajau	Holarrhena pubescens	0.640	640	India
Texas Walnut / Little Walnut	Juglans microcarpa	0.530	530	North America
Thavidi / Kanakaitha	Miliusa tomentosa	0.620	620	India
Thingam	Hopea wightiana	0.913	913	India
Thitmin / Nageia	Nageia wallichiana	0.460	460	India
Tinnelvelli Red Wood / Red-Wood Tree	Gluta travancorica	0.620	620	India
Tiriconamalai Maram	Berrya cordifolia	0.990	990	India
Toothbrush Tree / Siamese Rough Bush / Sewra / Dahia / Sihora	Streblus asper	0.720	720	India
Toothed Leaf Chilla / Vapunnakannan	Casearia tomentosa	0.640	640	India
Torch Tree / Torch Wood Tree / Small Flowered Ixora / Jilpai / Kota Gandhal	Ixora pavetta	0.960	960	India
Torch Wood / Buttercup Tree / Golden Silk Cotton / Galgal	Cochlospermum gossypium	0.270	270	India
Tree Of Damocles / Indian Trumpet Flower.	Oroxylum indicum	0.480	480	India
Tree Of Heaven / Maharukh	Ailanthus excelsa	0.400	400	India
Tree Of Sadness / Coral Jasmine / Night-Flowering Jasmine / Pavazha Malli	Nyctanthes arbor-tristis	0.880	880	India
Trincomalee Wood / Halmilla Tree	Berrya cordifolia	0.770	770	India
Tropical Almond / India Almond	Terminalia catappa	0.510	510	India
Trumpet Flower / Patiri	Stereospermum personatum	0.600	600	India
Tupelo, Water / Cottongum / Wild Olive / Large Tupelo	Nyssa aquatica	0.460	460	North America
Turpentine Tree	Syncarpia glomulifera	0.700	700	Australia
Undapayin / Undaipanu	Gymnacranthera farquhariana	0.439	439	India
Ungu / Karanj / Panigrahi / Honge Tree / Indian Beech Tree / Vesi Ne Wai / Pongam Oil Tree	Pongamia pinnata	0.640	640	India
Vegetable Hummingbird / Swamp Pea / Scarlet Wistaria-Tree / Spanish Armada / Basna / Agasti	Sesbania grandiflora	0.510	510	India
Vellacheeralam, Karaki	Aglaia hiernii	0.500	500	India
Venkkotta / Venkadavam / Vembala	Lophopetalum wightianum	0.370	370	India
Villooni / Karai / Kanakaitha / Kar	Miliusa velutina	0.630	630	India
Walnut / English / Carpathian / Persian	Juglans regia	0.551	551	Europe
Walnut, Black	Juglans nigra	0.510	510	North America
Walnut, Japanese	Juglans ailanthifolia	0.362	362	Europe
Waras	Heterophragma quadriloculare	0.520	520	India
Wayfarer / Wayfaring Tree	Viburnum lantana	0.723	723	Europe
Weeping Willow / Babylon	Salix babylonica	0.420	420	Europe
West Himalayan Alder	Alnus nitida	0.370	370	India
West Himalayan Spruce / Morinda Spruce	Picea smithiana	0.400	400	India
Whistling Pine / She Oak / Junglisaru	Casuarina equisetifolia	0.960	960	India
White Bully / Willow Bustic / Bustic Cassada	Sideroxylon salicifolium	0.860	860	North America
White Cedar / Vella Akil	Dysoxylum malabaricum	0.580	580	India
White Champak	Michelia nilagirica	0.551	551	India
White Dammar / Indian Copal Tree / Piney Varnish Tree	Vateria indica	0.480	480	India
White Kashmir Teak / Coomb Teak / Kambari / Candahar Tree / White Teak / Gamari / Ghumhar	Gmelina arborea	0.560	560	India
White Thorn	Acacia suma	1.210	1210	India
White Willow	Salix alba	0.284	284	Europe
White Wood Chaste Tree	Vitex leucoxylon	0.525	525	India
Wild Guava / Patana Oak / Kumbi / Slow Match Tree	Careya arborea	0.800	800	India
Wild Mangosteen / Malabar Ebony / Gaub Tree / Riber Ebony	Diospyros peregrina	0.720	720	India
Wild Nutmeg / Kaatu Jathikai / Ran-Jayphal	Knema attenuata	0.430	430	India
Wild Service Tree, Chequers, And Checker Tree	Sorbus torminalis	0.611	611	Europe
Willow Catkins / Pussy / Goat	Salix caprea	0.396	396	Europe
Willow, Black / Black American	Salix nigra	0.360	360	North America
Willow, Pacific	Salix lasiandra	0.390	390	North America
Winged Myrobalan / Arjuna / Arjun	Terminalia arjuna	0.940	940	India
Yew , Common / English / European	Taxus baccata	0.551	551	Europe
Yew, Pacific / Western / Canadian / Californian	Taxus brevifolia	0.600	600	North America