Basic Specific Gravity of North American Trees

List with basic specific gravity values for trees found in North America.

basic specific gravity = oven-dry weight

The list also includes the type of tree (hardwood or softwood), plus their common and scientific names.

Type	Common Name	Binomial	Basic Specific Gravity
Hardwood	Ailanthus / Tree Of Heaven	Ailanthus altissima	0.46
Hardwood	Alder, Red	Alnus rubra	0.37
Hardwood	Alder, White / Rhombie Leaf	Alnus rhombifolia	0.37
Hardwood	American Hornbeam / Musclewood	Carpinus caroliniana	0.58
Hardwood	American Witch-Hazel	Hamamelis virginiana	0.56
Hardwood	Apple / Common / Wild	Malus sylvestris	0.61
Hardwood	Ash, Biltmore / White	Fraxinus americana	0.55
Hardwood	Ash, Black	Fraxinus nigra	0.45
Hardwood	Ash, Blue / Virginia	Fraxinus quadrangulata	0.53
Hardwood	Ash, Green / Bastard	Fraxinus pennsylvanica	0.53
Hardwood	Ash, Oregon / Water	Fraxinus latifolia	0.5
Hardwood	Ash, Pumpkin / Red	Fraxinus profunda	0.48
Hardwood	Aspen, Bigtooth / Large-tooth	Populus grandidentata	0.36
Hardwood	Aspen, Quaking / Trembling / Aspen Popular	Populus tremuloides	0.35
Soft Wood	Bald Cypress / Swamp / Gulf / Red / Southern / White / Yellow	Taxodium distichum	0.42
Hardwood	Basswood, American / American Linden	Tilia americana	0.32
Hardwood	Basswood, White	Tilia heterophylla	0.32
Hardwood	Beech / American / North American	Fagus grandifolia	0.56
Hardwood	Birch, Alaska Paper	Betula neoalaskana	0.53
Hardwood	Birch, Gray	Betula populifolia	0.45
Hardwood	Birch, Paper	Betula papyrifera	0.48
Hardwood	Birch, River	Betula nigra	0.49
Hardwood	Birch, Sweet	Betula lenta	0.6
Hardwood	Birch, Yellow / Black	Betula alleghaniensis	0.55
Hardwood	Bird Cherry / Fire Cherry / Pin Cherry	Prunus pensylvanica	0.36
Hardwood	Blue Elderberry / Blue Elder	Sambucus caerulea	0.46
Hardwood	Buckeye, Yellow / Sweet	Aesculus octandra	0.33
Hardwood	Buckthorn, California Coffeeberry	Rhamnus californica	0.5
Hardwood	Buckthorn, Cascara	Rhamnus purshiana	0.5
Hardwood	Buckthorn, Spiny Redberry	Rhamnus crocea	0.75
Hardwood	Bully Trees	Sideroxylon indet	1.234
Hardwood	Butternut / White Walnut	Juglans cinerea	0.36
Hardwood	Buttonwood / Button Mangrove	Conocarpus erectus	0.69
Hardwood	Canadian Serviceberry	Amelanchier canadensis	0.66
Hardwood	Carolina Silverbell / Little Silverbell	Halesia carolina	0.42
Hardwood	Catalpa, Northern / Hardy / Western / Cigar Tree / Catawba Tree	Catalpa speciosa	0.38
Soft Wood	Cedar, Atlantic White	Chamaecyparis thyoides	0.31
Soft Wood	Cedar, Eastern Redcedar	Juniperus virginiana	0.44
Soft Wood	Cedar, Incense	Calocedrus decurrens	0.35
Soft Wood	Cedar, Northern White / Arborvitae / Eastern Arborvitae / Swamp	Thuja occidentalis	0.29
Soft Wood	Cedar, Port-Orford	Chamaecyparis lawsoniana	0.39
Soft Wood	Cedar, Westernred / Pacific Red / Giant Arborvitae / Canoe / Giant/ Shinglewood	Thuja plicata	0.31
Soft Wood	Cedar, Yellow / Alaska	Chamaecyparis nootkatensis	0.42
Hardwood	Cherry, Black	Prunus serotina	0.47
Hardwood	Chestnut, American	Castanea dentata	0.4
Hardwood	Chinkapin, Giant / Golden	Chrysolepis chrysophylla	0.42
Hardwood	Chinquapin / Golden / Giant / Western	Castanopsis chrysophylla	0.42
Hardwood	Cottonwood, Black	Populus trichocarpa	0.31
Hardwood	Cottonwood, Eastern / Eastern / Plains / MatchPoplar	Populus deltoides	0.37
Hardwood	Cottonwood, Fremont / Alamo	Populus fremontii	0.41
Hardwood	Dogwood, Flowering	Cornus florida	0.64
Hardwood	Dogwood, Pacific / Mountain Dogwood	Cornus nuttallii	0.58
Soft Wood	Douglas-Fir, Coast	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.453
Soft Wood	Douglas-Fir, Interior North	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.45
Soft Wood	Douglas-Fir, Interior West	Pseudotsuga menziesii	0.46
Hardwood	Elm, American / White / Water / Florida	Ulmus americana	0.46
Hardwood	Elm, Rock, Elm Cork	Ulmus thomasii	0.57
Hardwood	Elm, Slippery / Red / Gray / Soft	Ulmus rubra	0.48
Hardwood	Elm, Texas Cedar / Cedar Elm	Ulmus crassifolia	0.59
Hardwood	Elm, Winged / Wahoo	Ulmus alata	0.6
Hardwood	False Mastic / Yellow Mastic	Sideroxylon foetidissimum	0.52
Soft Wood	Fir, Balsam / Canadian / Canada / Balm of Gilead / Eastern	Abies balsamea	0.33
Soft Wood	Fir, Corkbark	Abies arizonica	0.36
Soft Wood	Fir, Grand / Lowland / Lowland White / White / Silver	Abies grandis	0.35
Soft Wood	Fir, Noble	Abies procera	0.37
Soft Wood	Fir, Pacific Silver / White / Red/ Lovely / Amabilis / Cascades	Abies amabilis	0.4
Soft Wood	Fir, Red / Golden / California Red / Shasta / Silvertip	Abies magnifica	0.36
Soft Wood	Fir, Subalpine / Alpine / Mountain Balsam / Rocky Mountain / White Balsam	Abies lasiocarpa	0.31
Soft Wood	Fir, White / Colorado / California White / Low's	Abies concolor	0.37
Soft Wood	Florida Strangler Fig / Golden Fig/ Higuerón	Ficus aurea	0.44
Hardwood	Great Laurel / Rosebay Rhododendron	Rhododendron maximum	0.5
Hardwood	Gumbo-Limbo / Copperwood / Chaca	Bursera simaruba	0.32
Hardwood	Hackberry	Celtis occidentalis	0.49
Hardwood	Hawthorn, Late / Pear	Crataegus calpodendron	0.62
Soft Wood	Hemlock, Eastern / Canada / Hemlock Spruce	Tsuga canadensis	0.38
Soft Wood	Hemlock, Mountain	Tsuga mertensiana	0.42
Soft Wood	Hemlock, Western / Pacific / West Coast	Tsuga heterophylla	0.42
Hardwood	Hickory, Bitternut / Swamp	Carya cordiformis	0.6
Hardwood	Hickory, Mockernut / White / White-Heart	Carya tomentosa	0.64
Hardwood	Hickory, Nutmeg	Carya myristiciformis	0.56
Hardwood	Hickory, Pecan	Carya illinoensis	0.6
Hardwood	Hickory, Pignut	Carya glabra	0.66
Hardwood	Hickory, True, Shagbark	Carya ovata	0.64
Hardwood	Hickory, True, Shellbark	Carya laciniosa	0.62
Hardwood	Hickory, Water / Bitter Pecan	Carya aquatica	0.61
Hardwood	Holly, American / White Holly	Ilex opaca	0.5
Hardwood	Hollyleaf Cherry / Evergreen Cherry	Prunus ilicifolia	0.73
Hardwood	Honey Locust / Honey Shucks / Sweet Bean	Gleditsia triacanthos	0.6
Hardwood	Hophornbeam, American / Eastern	Ostrya virginiana	0.63
Soft Wood	Incense Cedar / California Incense-Cedar	Libocedrus decurrens	0.35
Hardwood	Inkwood / Butterbough	Exothea paniculata	0.73
Soft Wood	Juniper, Alligator / Checkerbark	Juniperus deppeana	0.48
Soft Wood	Juniper, Western	Juniperus occidentalis	0.45
Hardwood	Kentucky Coffeetree	Gymnocladus dioicus	0.53
Soft Wood	Larch, Western / Montana / Mountain	Larix occidentalis	0.48
Hardwood	Laurel, California / Oregon Myrtle	Umbellularia californica	0.51
Hardwood	Locust, Black / False Acacia / Green / Locust / Shipmast / White / Yellow	Robinia pseudoacacia	0.66
Hardwood	Madrone, Pacific	Arbutus menziesii	0.57
Hardwood	Magnolia, Cucumbertree / Blue Magnolia,	Magnolia acuminata	0.44
Hardwood	Magnolia, Fraser / Mountain Magnolia	Magnolia fraseri	0.4
Hardwood	Magnolia, Southern	Magnolia grandiflora	0.46
Hardwood	Magnolia, Sweetbay	Magnolia virginiana	0.42
Hardwood	Maple, Bigleaf / British Columbia / Broadleaf / Oregon	Acer macrophyllum	0.44
Hardwood	Maple, Black / Black Sugar / Hard / Rock	Acer nigrum	0.52
Hardwood	Maple, Boxelder / Ash-Leaf / Manitoba / Three-Leave	Acer negundo	0.416
Hardwood	Maple, Red / Scarlet / Soft / Water	Acer rubrum	0.49
Hardwood	Maple, Silver	Acer saccharinum	0.44
Hardwood	Maple, Striped / Goosefoot / Moosewood / Snake Bark	Acer pensylvanicum	0.44
Hardwood	Maple, Sugar	Acer saccharum	0.56
Hardwood	Mesquite Spp.	Prosopis spp.	0.78
Hardwood	Mountain Laurel / Calico-Bush / Spoonwood	Kalmia latifolia	0.62
Hardwood	Mountain Mahogany / Birch Leaf Mountain Mahogany	Cercocarpus betuloides	0.8
Hardwood	Oak, Arizona White / Arizona	Quercus Arizonica	0.59
Hardwood	Oak, Bastard White	Quercus austrina	0.75
Hardwood	Oak, Black / Eastern Black	Quercus velutina	0.56
Hardwood	Oak, Bluejack / Upland Willow Oak / Sandjack Oak / Cinnamon Oak	Quercus incana	0.71
Hardwood	Oak, Bur / Mossy-Cup	Quercus macrocarpa	0.58
Hardwood	Oak, California Black / Kellogg Oak	Quercus kelloggii	0.51
Hardwood	Oak, Canyon Live / Canyon Oak / Maul Oak	Quercus chrysolepis	0.7
Hardwood	Oak, Chapman	Quercus chapmanii	0.78
Hardwood	Oak, Cherrybark	Quercus pagoda	0.61
Hardwood	Oak, Chestnut / Rock / Rock Chestnut / Mountain	Quercus prinus	0.57
Hardwood	Oak, Darlington / Laurel-Leaf Oak	Quercus hemisphaerica	0.69
Hardwood	Oak, Dwarf Live / Minimal	Quercus minima	0.89
Hardwood	Oak, Gambel / Rocky Mountain White / Colorado Scrub	Quercus gambelii	0.62
Hardwood	Oak, Garry / Oregon White Oak / Oregon Oak	Quercus garryana	0.64
Hardwood	Oak, Laurel / Diamond-Leaf Oak / Water Oak	Quercus laurifolia	0.56
Hardwood	Oak, Live / Southern Live	Quercus virginiana	0.8
Hardwood	Oak, Myrtle / Shrubby	Quercus myrtifolia	0.807
Hardwood	Oak, Northern Red	Quercus rubra	0.56
Hardwood	Oak, Overcup	Quercus lyrata	0.57
Hardwood	Oak, Pin / Swamp Spanish	Quercus palustris	0.58
Hardwood	Oak, Post / Iron	Quercus stellata	0.6
Hardwood	Oak, Running / Runner	Quercus pumila	0.71
Hardwood	Oak, Sand Live	Quercus geminata	0.872
Hardwood	Oak, Sand Post	Quercus margaretta	0.76
Hardwood	Oak, Scarlet	Quercus coccinea	0.6
Hardwood	Oak, Shumard / Swamp Red / Shumard Red	Quercus shumardii	0.64
Hardwood	Oak, Southern Red	Quercus falcata	0.52
Hardwood	Oak, Swamp Chestnut / Basket	Quercus michauxii	0.6
Hardwood	Oak, Swamp White	Quercus bicolor	0.64
Hardwood	Oak, Turkey / Catesby / American Turkey	Quercus laevis	0.639
Hardwood	Oak, Water	Quercus nigra	0.56
Hardwood	Oak, White	Quercus alba	0.6
Hardwood	Oak, Willow	Quercus phellos	0.56
Hardwood	Ocean Spray / Creambush / Ironwood	Holodiscus discolor	0.71
Hardwood	Osage Orange / Horse Apple / Hedge Apple	Maclura pomifera	0.76
Hardwood	Paradise Apple / Common Apple	Malus pumila	0.646
Hardwood	Persimmon, Common	Diospyros virginiana	0.64
Soft Wood	Pine, Bishop / Obispo / Swamp / Prickle-Cone	Pinus muricata	0.45
Soft Wood	Pine, Common / Two Needle Pinyon	Pinus edulis	0.5
Soft Wood	Pine, Coulter / Big-Cone Pine	Pinus coulteri	0.4
Soft Wood	Pine, Eastern White / Northern White / Weymouth / White	Pinus strobus	0.34
Soft Wood	Pine, Gray / California Foothill / Bull / Grey-leaf / Digger	Pinus sabiniana	0.4
Soft Wood	Pine, Jack / Banksian / Black / Scrub	Pinus banksiana	0.4
Soft Wood	Pine, Jeffrey / Black	Pinus jeffreyi	0.37
Soft Wood	Pine, Knobcone / Narrowcone	Pinus attenuata	0.39
Soft Wood	Pine, Limber / Rocky Mountain White	Pinus flexilis	0.37
Soft Wood	Pine, Loblolly / Frankincense / Oldfield / Southern	Pinus taeda	0.47
Soft Wood	Pine, Lodgepole / Bolander Beach / Shore / Tamarack Pine	Pinus contorta	0.38
Soft Wood	Pine, Longleaf / Florida / Georgia	Pinus palustris	0.54
Soft Wood	Pine, Monterey / Cedros Island / Guadalupe Island / Radiata / Insignis	Pinus radiata	0.4
Soft Wood	Pine, Pitch / Hard	Pinus rigida	0.47
Soft Wood	Pine, Pond / Bay / Marsh / Pocosin	Pinus serotina	0.51
Soft Wood	Pine, Ponderosa / Western Yellow / Blackjack / Bull / Pacific Ponderosa / Rock	Pinus ponderosa	0.38
Soft Wood	Pine, Red / American Red / Canadian Red / Norway	Pinus resinosa	0.41
Soft Wood	Pine, Sand	Pinus clausa	0.46
Soft Wood	Pine, Shortleaf / Arkansas / Shortstraw / Southern / Yellow	Pinus echinata	0.47
Soft Wood	Pine, Slash / American Pitch / Caribbean / Salish / Longleaf Pitch / Swamp	Pinus elliottii	0.54
Soft Wood	Pine, Spruce / Bottom White / Cedar/ Poor / Walter	Pinus glabra	0.41
Soft Wood	Pine, Sugar / California Sugar	Pinus lambertiana	0.34
Soft Wood	Pine, Table Mountain / Hickory / Prickley	Pinus pungens	0.49
Soft Wood	Pine, Virginia / Jersey / Poverty / Scrub	Pinus virginiana	0.45
Soft Wood	Pine, Western White / Idaho White / Mountain White / Silver	Pinus monticola	0.35
Hardwood	Pond Apple, Alligator Apple	Annona glabra	0.5
Hardwood	Poplar, Abele / Silver Poplar / Silverleaf Poplar	Populus alba	0.36
Hardwood	Poplar, Balsam / Black / Hackmatack	Populus balsamifera	0.31
Hardwood	Poplar-Yellow / American Tulip / Canary Whitewood	Liriodendron tulipifera	0.4
Hardwood	Redberry Stopper	Eugenia confusa	0.81
Soft Wood	Redwood / California / Coast	Sequoia sempervirens	0.38
Soft Wood	Redwood, Giant / California Big-Tree / Giant Sequoia / Sequoia / Sierra	Sequoiadendron giganteum	0.34
Hardwood	Sassafras	Sassafras albidum	0.42
Hardwood	Serviceberry	Amelanchier spp.	0.66
Hardwood	Sour Gum / Tupelo, Black	Nyssa sylvatica	0.46
Hardwood	Sourwood / Sorrel Tree	Oxydendrum arboreum	0.5
Soft Wood	Southern Redcedar	Juniperus silicicola	0.42
Soft Wood	Spruce, Black / Bog / shortleaf black / Swamp	Picea mariana	0.38
Soft Wood	Spruce, Engelmann / White Spruce / Mountain Spruce / Silver Spruce	Picea engelmannii	0.33
Soft Wood	Spruce, Red / Eastern / West Virginia	Picea rubens	0.37
Soft Wood	Spruce, Sitka / Coast / Menzies / Western	Picea sitchensis	0.37
Soft Wood	Spruce, White / Alberta / Black Hills / Canada / Western White	Picea glauca	0.33
Hardwood	Sugarberry / Southern Hackberry	Celtis laevigata	0.47
Hardwood	Sweetgum, American / American Storax / Hazel Pine / Satin-Walnut / Alligatorwood	Liquidambar styraciflua	0.46
Hardwood	Sycamore, American / American Planetree	Platanus occidentalis	0.46
Soft Wood	Tamarack / Hackmatack / American Larch Alaskan / Eastern	Larix laricina	0.49
Hardwood	Tanoak / Tanbark-Oak	Lithocarpus densiflorus	0.58
Hardwood	Texas Walnut / Little Walnut	Juglans microcarpa	0.53
Hardwood	Tupelo, Water / Cottongum / Wild Olive / Large Tupelo	Nyssa aquatica	0.46
Hardwood	Walnut, Black	Juglans nigra	0.51
Hardwood	White Bully / Willow Bustic / Bustic Cassada	Sideroxylon salicifolium	0.86
Hardwood	Willow, Black / Black American	Salix nigra	0.36
Hardwood	Willow, Pacific	Salix lasiandra	0.39
Soft Wood	Yew, Pacific / Western / Canadian / Californian	Taxus brevifolia	0.6